After months of delay, the US House of Representatives finally approved more than $61bn worth of military assistance to help Ukraine in its desperate war against Russia, as well as billions for Israel and Taiwan.
In
a bipartisan vote, 210 Democrats and 101 Republicans joined to support Ukraine,
with 112 Republicans – a majority of the GOP members – voting against it.
The
move came after the Republican speaker, Mike Johnson, forced a series of bills
onto the floor in the face of fierce resistance within his own Republican
party, many of whom oppose spending more on Ukraine’s defence.
Voting
began hours ahead of schedule in an extraordinary Saturday session that delayed
the House’s planned recess. The House erupted into applause when the Ukraine
bill passed, with the chair of the house, Marc Molinaro of New York,
admonishing members of the house not to wave Ukrainian flags.
Volodymyr
Zelenskiy, Ukraine’s president, recently warned that his country “will lose the
war” without US assistance, as its military has struggled with ammunition and
air defence shortages and Russia has pressed a growing advantage in firepower
as Congress prevaricated.
Immediately
after the bill passed, ZelenskIy released a statement expressing his gratitude
to both parties “and personally Speaker Mike Johnson for the decision that
keeps history on the right track”.
“Democracy
and freedom will always have global significance and will never fail as long as
America helps to protect it,” he said.
“The
vital US aid bill passed today by the House will keep the war from expanding,
save thousands and thousands of lives, and help both of our nations to become
stronger. Just peace and security can only be attained through strength. We
hope that bills will be supported in the Senate and sent to President Biden’s
desk. Thank you, America!”
Members
were voting on a package worth close to $95bn in total, but which had been
broken up into four separate bills, as Johnson effectively de-coupled the vote
on Ukraine from funding for Israel, which is more widely supported among both
Democrats and Republicans.
The
vote on granting additional funding for Israel also easily passed the House,
with 365 in favour and only 57 opposed: 36 Democrats and 21 Republicans.
By
splitting the bill into four, Johson sought to allow recalcitrant far-right
members of his own GOP conference to vote with their conscience on the parts
they disliked.
First
to be voted on was a bill including legislation on border security, which
failed, as expected. Many rightwing Republicans do not want the Biden
administration to win credit for resolving a crisis at the US border with
Mexico, where there has been an upsurge of asylum seekers, during an election
year as Donald Trump, is seeking to make the border an election issue.
The
$95bn in total funding includes roughly $61bn for Ukraine (with much of the
funding going towards replenishing American munitions); $26bn for Israel; $8bn
for US allies in the Indo-Pacific region, including Taiwan; and $9bn in
humanitarian assistance for civilians in war zones, such as Haiti, Sudan and
Gaza, though the package also includes a ban on direct US funding for the
United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees (Unrwa), an
agency providing key assistance to Gaza, until March 2025.
In
the Ukraine bill, of the $60.7bn, a total of about $23bn would be used by the
US to replenish its military stockpiles, opening the door to future US military
transfers to Ukraine.
Another
$14bn would go to the Ukraine Security Assistance Initiative, in which the
Pentagon buys advanced new weapon systems for the Ukrainian military directly
from US defence contractors.
There
is also more than $11bn to fund current US military operations in the region,
enhancing the capabilities of the Ukrainian military and fostering intelligence
collaboration between Kyiv and Washington, and about $8bn in non-military
assistance, such as helping Ukraine’s government continue basic operations,
including the payment of salaries and pensions.
The
package largely copies the foreign aid proposal passed by the Senate in
February, although it designates $10bn of the Ukraine funding as a repayable
loan to appease some Republican members.
The
Israel bill includes about $4.4bn to replenish depleted US supplies given to
Israel; $4bn for missile defence, including the much-vaunted Iron Dome, and
$1.2bn for the Iron Beam; and $3.5bn to help Israel buy weapons. There are also
provisions to make it easier to supply Israel with US munitions held in other
countries.
The
bill supporting Taiwan, included more than $8bn for countering Chinese
activities, about $3.3bn for submarines and $2bn of military assistance to
Taiwan.
Another
bill included a provision to force the Chinese company ByteDance to sell its
popular social media app TikTok, which Congress is worried gives China the
ability to gain information about American citizens. That bill – the 21st
Century Peace through Strength Act – also included the seizure of frozen
Russian sovereign assets, and more sanctions on Iran.
In
a statement after the vote passed, US President Biden said:
“Today, members of both parties in the House
voted to advance our national security interests and send a clear message about
the power of American leadership on the world stage. At this critical
inflection point, they came together to answer history’s call, passing urgently
needed national security legislation that I have fought for months to secure.
“This
package will deliver critical support to Israel and Ukraine; provide
desperately needed humanitarian aid to Gaza, Sudan, Haiti and other locations
impacted by conflicts and natural disasters around the world; and bolster
security and stability in the Indo-Pacific. It comes at a moment of grave
urgency, with Israel facing unprecedented attacks from Iran, and Ukraine under
continued bombardment from Russia.” He called on the Senate to quickly pass the
bill “so that I can sign it into law and we can quickly send weapons and
equipment to Ukraine to meet their urgent battlefield needs”.
The
US has so far sent Ukraine roughly $111bn in weapons, equipment, humanitarian
assistance and other aid since the start of the war more than two years ago.
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